Mediterranean diet helps women live longer: Study

A new study has shed light on the role of diet and its effect on women who are prone to chronic metabolic diseases like diabetes, heart diseases and cancer.

The study observed more than 25,000 US women for up to 25 years and found that following a particular type of diet reduced cholesterol, obesity and insulin resistance, all of which are known risk factors for developing metabolic disorders, including diabetes and heart disease.

Women consuming the largely plant-based Mediterranean diet were found to be at a 23 per cent lower risk of dying prematurely, the study found. The findings were published in The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

The Mediterranean diet is a heart-healthy eating pattern inspired by the traditional dietary habits of countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. It emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and olive oil as primary sources of nutrition.

Additionally, moderate consumption of fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products is encouraged, while red meat and processed foods are limited. This diet is rich in fiber, antioxidants, and healthy fats, which can lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers. With its emphasis on fresh, minimally processed foods, the Mediterranean diet promotes overall health and well-being.

The researchers included participants aged at least 45 years at the start of the Women’s Health Study. The women responded to questionnaires and provided information on their weight, height and body mass index, along with details about their lifestyle, medical and social history.

Their blood pressures were also taken. For understanding possible biological mechanisms that could explain the diet’s health benefits, the researchers assessed over 30 biomarkers of metabolism and inflammation, including lipids and insulin resistance.

The long-term benefits of the Mediterranean diet extend beyond physical health to encompass overall well-being. Research suggests that adhering to this eating pattern can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Moreover, the abundance of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provides essential nutrients and antioxidants that support cognitive function and may reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline.

Additionally, the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower incidence of depression and improved mental health outcomes. Its emphasis on delicious, nutrient-rich foods fosters sustainable eating habits for a lifetime of health.